10 Reblogs - Blog Posts
Thank you @stars-may-collide and everyone who got me to 10 reblogs!
Deaf West Spring Awakening Moritz Stiefel appreciation post because the poor thing deserved better. ๐ฆ๐ค๐๐ค๐ฅบ๐คง๐ค๐ป
Gracias a @pigeoninabowl69 y a toda la gente que me ha ayudado a llegar a los 10 reblogueos.
Thank you @harshethic and everyone who got me to 10 reblogs!
Beautiful flowering trees! ๐ณ
Thank you @viretus and everyone who got me to 10 reblogs!
The ecstasy of drinking elixir cannot be explained in words -)RB
Thank you @armadiel and everyone who got me to 10 reblogs!
One of my pictures from a few years ago
Thank you @hxhhasmysoul and everyone who got me to 10 reblogs!
Playing games :
Gon : yay! I win!
killua : Gon you little -
little cheater comic. At least it's good to get a smoch from your crush, or boyfriend? IDK
@sophia-blog2022ใใใใฏใใใ10ไปถใฎใชใใญใฐใจใใใใคใซในใใผใณใ้ๆใใใฆใใใ็ใใใใใใใจใใใใใพใ!
ใญใซใใงใใณใฎใฟใซใ
ใใฆใ็งใ้ฃในใใฎใฏใฉใใงใใใ๏ผ๐
ๆญฃ่งฃใฏในใฏใคใ๐ https://www.instagram.com/p/CkmeW9KP34h/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=
Thank you @zodiacfan32 and everyone who got me to 10 reblogs!
Thank you @daily-acvoid and everyone who got me to 10 reblogs!
I didn't notice that! Until now. :0
โค๏ธโญ๏ธโก๏ธโจ
Here it is!! โจโญ๏ธ
My late birthday post. That was from June 14th.
Sorry I took so long to make it time. I'll do that next time on my next early birthday for sure. Next year.
So, Happy late birthday to me. ๐โก๏ธ
Thank you @expertacademicassignmenthelp and everyone who got me to 10 reblogs!
The pathophysiology of hypertension
Introduction
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a complex medical condition affecting a significant proportion of the global population. Despite its prevalence, there remains uncertainty regarding its pathophysiology, with essential hypertension constituting a substantial portion where no single identifiable cause is found. This comprehensive discussion aims to delve into the physiological mechanisms involved in the development of hypertension, exploring factors such as cardiac output, peripheral resistance, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, the autonomic nervous system, endothelial dysfunction, genetic factors, and intrauterine influences.
Cardiac Output and Peripheral Resistance
Maintaining normal blood pressure relies on the delicate balance between cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance. Essential hypertension often involves a normal cardiac output but elevated peripheral resistance, primarily determined by small arterioles. The role of smooth muscle cells, calcium concentration, and structural changes in arteriolar vessel walls contribute to the irreversible rise in peripheral resistance.
Renin-Angiotensin System
The renin-angiotensin system plays a crucial role in blood pressure regulation. Renin, released in response to various stimuli, initiates the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I, which is then converted to the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II. This system also stimulates aldosterone release, promoting sodium and water retention. While the circulating system may not be directly responsible for essential hypertension, local renin-angiotensin systems in organs like the kidney, heart, and arterial tree gain significance in regulating regional blood flow.
Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathetic nervous system stimulation affects arteriolar constriction and dilation, playing a pivotal role in maintaining normal blood pressure. Although the exact role of epinephrine and norepinephrine in hypertension etiology remains unclear, drugs blocking the sympathetic nervous system demonstrate therapeutic efficacy.
Endothelial Dysfunction
Vascular endothelial cells, producing vasoactive agents like nitric oxide and endothelin, play a key role in cardiovascular regulation. Endothelial dysfunction, implicated in essential hypertension, involves impaired production of nitric oxide. This dysfunction, once established, becomes irreversible, highlighting its primary nature in hypertension.
Vasoactive Substances
Various vasoactive substances, such as bradykinin, endothelin, atrial natriuretic peptide, and ouabain, influence sodium transport and vascular tone. These substances contribute to the delicate balance in maintaining normal blood pressure.
Genetic Factors
Genetic predisposition significantly contributes to hypertension, with specific mutations linked to disorders like Liddleโs syndrome, glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism, and others. The intricate interplay of multiple genes makes it challenging to pinpoint individual contributions.
Intrauterine Influences
Fetal influences, particularly birth weight, emerge as determinants of adult blood pressure. The Barker hypothesis suggests a link between low birth weight, metabolic abnormalities, and hypertension in later life. However, the role of genetic factors in this relationship requires further exploration.
Diastolic Dysfunction
Hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy leads to impaired diastolic relaxation, affecting ventricular input during exercise. This dysfunction contributes to increased atrial pressure, pulmonary congestion, atrial fibrillation, and potential complications like pulmonary edema.
Conclusion
In conclusion, understanding the pathophysiology of hypertension involves a multifaceted exploration of various physiological mechanisms. While essential hypertension remains a complex and often multifactorial condition, advancements in research shed light on factors such as cardiac output, peripheral resistance, the renin-angiotensin system, the autonomic nervous system, endothelial dysfunction, genetic influences, and intrauterine factors. A comprehensive understanding of these elements is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies and preventive measures against the global burden of hypertension.
We hope this helps in improving our comprehension of the Hypertension condition. All the best in your journey in the medical field.
Incase of any challenges' and in need of professional guidance, contact;
Expert Academic Assignment Help at;
williamsassignmenthelpfredrick@gmail.com
Thank you @spiralingintoaesthetic and everyone who got me to 10 reblogs!
Thank you @cassiewass and everyone who got me to 10 reblogs!
What your favorite eyes
Thank you @buffyromanoff and everyone who got me to 10 reblogs!
Sleepover at the bixler house be like
Bridget in her room with Y/N: so what do you wanna do tonight?
Y/N: not sure, but hey I saw your mom crawling around in the kitchen earlier is that normal?
Bridget: only on Fridays
Y/N: um tonight is Monday
Bridget:...
Y/N.....
Thank you @janjanenrico and everyone who got me to 10 reblogs!
Scania K360IB DMMWI Touring Coach
Give credit if used
Yip yip yippie!!!!! :D
But seriously,thanks to everyone (and especially @k3nnyb4by)!!!
You should reblog too,itโs cool/nf
The pig from bad piggies!
Obrigado, @espalhepoesias, e a todos que colaboraram com meus 10 reblogues!
Sobre a sua felicidade incomodar
Thank you @bigode59 and everyone who got me to 10 reblogs!