mr-glomeroporphyritic

Latest Posts by mr-glomeroporphyritic

I submit to you that the most iconic feature of any animal is either unlikely or impossible to fossilize.

If all we had of wolves were their bones we would never guess that they howl.

If all we had of elephants were fossils with no living related species, we might infer some kind of proboscis but we’d never come up with those ears.

If all we had of chickens were bones, we wouldn’t know about their combs and wattles, or that roosters crow.

We wouldn’t know that lions have manes, or that zebras have stripes, or that peacocks have trains, that howler monkeys yell, that cats purr, that deer shed the velvet from their antlers, that caterpillars become butterflies, that spiders make webs, that chickadees say their name, that Canada geese are assholes, that orangutans are ginger, that dolphins echolocate, or that squid even existed.

My point here is that we don’t know anything about dinosaurs. If we saw one we would not recognize it. As my evidence I submit the above, along with the fact that it took us two centuries to realize they’d been all around us the whole time.

Do you love the Eras of the Earth?

Which One?

It's weird how geological time works. Eras start and end bit by bit over the course of hundreds of thousands of years. That sounds like a big uncertainty but that sort of timescale, on which the climate can overhaul itself completely and entire species rise and fall, is instantaneous compared to the age of the earth. Any hypothetical sentient creature would have no idea it was living through a major turning point. The Silurian slid into the Devonian as land plants became A Thing and insects started to wonder if 'pilot' might be a good career path, but there was no one moment when one thing ended and another began. That's not how that works...

... except for the Cretaceous. The Cretaceous had a Last Day and it was probably in April, and then the next day it was the Paleogene.

One of my current professors was at the conference where plate tectonics was officially accepted as a real thing and witnessed two geologists almost get into a fist fight about it

Absolutely insane that plate tectonics was only really figured out in the 1960s. How the fuck did we make nukes and get to space and discover dna before we figured out how the fucking ground works

Can't afford art school?

After seeing post like this 👇

And this gem 👇

As well as countless of others from the AI generator community. Just talking about how "inaccessible art" is, I decided why not show how wrong these guys are while also helping anyone who actually wants to learn.

Here is the first one ART TEACHERS! There are plenty online and in places like youtube.

📺Here is my list:

Proko (Free)

Marc Brunet (Free but he does have other classes for a cheap price. Use to work for Blizzard)

Aaron Rutten (free)

BoroCG (free)

Jesse J. Jones (free, talks about animating)

Jesus Conde (free)

Mohammed Agbadi (free, he gives some advice in some videos and talks about art)

Ross Draws (free, he does have other classes for a good price)

SamDoesArts (free, gives good advice and critiques)

Drawfee Show (free, they do give some good advice and great inspiration)

The Art of Aaron Blaise ( useful tips for digital art and animation. Was an animator for Disney)

Bobby Chiu ( useful tips and interviews with artist who are in the industry or making a living as artist)

Second part BOOKS, I have collected some books that have helped me and might help others.

📚Here is my list:

The "how to draw manga" series produced by Graphic-sha. These are for manga artist but they give great advice and information.

"Creating characters with personality" by Tom Bancroft. A great book that can help not just people who draw cartoons but also realistic ones. As it helps you with facial ques and how to make a character interesting.

"Albinus on anatomy" by Robert Beverly Hale and Terence Coyle. Great book to help someone learn basic anatomy.

"Artistic Anatomy" by Dr. Paul Richer and Robert Beverly Hale. A good book if you want to go further in-depth with anatomy.

"Directing the story" by Francis Glebas. A good book if you want to Story board or make comics.

"Animal Anatomy for Artists" by Eliot Goldfinger. A good book for if you want to draw animals or creatures.

"Constructive Anatomy: with almost 500 illustrations" by George B. Bridgman. A great book to help you block out shadows in your figures and see them in a more 3 diamantine way.

"Dynamic Anatomy: Revised and expand" by Burne Hogarth. A book that shows how to block out shapes and easily understand what you are looking out. When it comes to human subjects.

"An Atlas of animal anatomy for artist" by W. Ellenberger and H. Dittrich and H. Baum. This is another good one for people who want to draw animals or creatures.

Etherington Brothers, they make books and have a free blog with art tips.

As for Supplies, I recommend starting out cheap, buying Pencils and art paper at dollar tree or 5 below. For digital art, I recommend not starting with a screen art drawing tablet as they are more expensive.

For the Best art Tablet I recommend either Xp-pen, Bamboo or Huion. Some can range from about 40$ to the thousands.

💻As for art programs here is a list of Free to pay.

Clip Studio paint ( you can choose to pay once or sub and get updates)

Procreate ( pay once for $9.99)

Blender (for 3D modules/sculpting, ect Free)

PaintTool SAI (pay but has a 31 day free trail)

Krita (Free)

mypaint (free)

FireAlpaca (free)

Libresprite (free, for pixel art)

Those are the ones I can recall.

So do with this information as you will but as you can tell there are ways to learn how to become an artist, without breaking the bank. The only thing that might be stopping YOU from using any of these things, is YOU.

I have made time to learn to draw and many artist have too. Either in-between working two jobs or taking care of your family and a job or regular school and chores. YOU just have to take the time or use some time management, it really doesn't take long to practice for like an hour or less. YOU also don't have to do it every day, just once or three times a week is fine.

Hope this was helpful and have a great day.

*Elmer Fudd voice* Be vewwy, vewwy, quiet, I'm hunting geowogists

Geological horror. You find a geode and crack it open and the crystal lining its walls is human blood that can't be genetically matched to anyone. You find a human skeleton but every one of the bones is made from rock, a rock that you know can't be whittled into those shapes. You find layers of clay and loam that sport ancient fossils at the top and the still-rotting corpses of modern animals at the bottom.

wait are chickens actually decended from t-rexes or is it just a comedic pairing

Chickens and T. rex share a recent common ancestor, more recent than T. rex shares with Stegosaurus or Brontosaurus/Apatosaurus

Chickens did not descend from T. rex, because T. rex is a very specialized and derived dinosaur

However, they - and all other birds, because all birds are in a single group - descended from small raptorial dinosaurs like Velociraptor. And, the common ancestor of Velociraptor and all birds (including chickens) could fly

And since birds descend from the same common ancestor as all other dinosaurs, they're dinosaurs.

Just because we aren't seeing more posts about Palestine, doesn't mean the genocide has stopped. Let's keep Praying and speaking up for Gaza, Palestine.

Indigenous knowledge of palaeontology in Africa

Ohhh my gosh, thank you for your post about geologic events and tips on writing them! If you don't mind, can I ask you about cave systems? Some of the more commons types (mineral types and formations) vs some of the more spectacular/rare finds and the conditions for their formation?

Hello and thanks! Caves typically are formed out of limestone (a sedimentary rock). Limestone is a rock mostly made of calcite/ calcium carbonate that is formed in the ocean. Once the ocean level lowers or the land rises due to mountain building events, these rocks get exposed to the surface where rain (which is usually always a little bit acidic) will begin to react with the stone (Similar to your teeth and soda). Once this process begins it will make the caves we know and love.

There are a couple interesting things that can happen though! First, dissolving rocks means that the water is full of minerals, that means that while that water drips from the caves it will precipitate out those minerals creating stalactites and stalagmites on the ceilings and floors. This also means that they will be made out mostly pure calcite!

Another interesting thing is that because they were on the ocean floor, it means that there will be a lot of fossils present from an ancient ocean.

So, most times, the only things you will find in caves is calcite and fossils. However in some rare instances you can have salt caves, which are also sedimentary but would be associated with the drying of oceans (You would also be able to probably find gypsum in those caves as well).

Other rare and interesting caves could be formed from hydrothermal water (hot water generated from volcanic activities), this opens up a world of different things that *could* be present including metals being deposited in the stone (gold, silver, or copper). That said, this is just me inventing excuses for if you want it to be mineable.

Some natural disasters associated with cave systems being under the land would definitely be sinkholes! There can also be entire rivers that just disappear underground.

I truly hope this helps! If someone who knows more about caves sees this, please feel free to add comments!

When I say "Birds are Dinosaurs" and you say "No you know what I mean, when we say dinosaurs we mean Something Else" I think like... you don't know what I mean.

There's sort of a constructed category of dinosaurs as these scaly, powerful, outdated animals, and birds as these delicate modern animals, and I want you to understand that these ideas are based on outdated science and human biases. That birds can and have grown huge and predatory, that dinosaurs were a hugely diverse group that had grazers and small arboreal animals and fast intelligent ones.

Birds are a category of dinosaur, the only one we have left around. Appreciate them, demythologize dinosaurs, and destroy the boxes you put nature into.

This is a positive post

Geology of Natural Disasters and How to write them into your fictional universe.

So, you want to write about a natural disaster to advance your plot and torture your players/characters even more? Let me tell you how, accurately.

I feel like unless it is a volcano, natural disasters are a pretty slept on plot drivers, and some of them are really cool and unique! Today, I will talk to you about land slides, earthquakes (And earthquake related disasters), and volcanoes.

Landslides: Probably one I see the least in stories, but one that would be incredibly interesting to write into a plot where they believe in curses. Landslides can happen along ocean bluffs, slightly hilly areas, and highly mountainous areas, this means it is something that can happen in most landscapes. But what can trigger a landslide? Mostly all you need to trigger a landslide could be just abnormally large amounts of rain, excessive deforestation (with a little bit of rain), or an earthquake. If you don't want to use deforestation or an earthquake as a catalyst, a really cool indicator that the land is slipping and may be prone to a collapse is J hooked trees.

This indicates that there is soil creeping slowly over time, and it may lead to a major landslide.

2. Earthquakes: Probably one of the easiest things to write, earthquakes can happen anywhere, but they are most common in places that are tectonically active areas. There are about three types of environments you can expect earthquakes to be common. The first is just rugged mountains, if your landscape looks like this, you should write in earthquakes. Associated hazards could be landslides, avalanches, and large falling rocks.

The next landscape could be a thin mountain range, next to the ocean, very scenic, but very dangerous. Essentially, I am describing a subduction zone environment.

Earthquakes in these areas could equal a couple different associated disasters. Scenario one: A very large earthquake happens, and the ocean begins to recede. This is a tsunami, enough said. If you are writing a tsunami though, please, please, do not write it as a large wave, thank you. Also, a common way people are hurt by tsunami's are from them going into the ocean because they don't understand a tsunami is going to happen.

Scenario two: A large earthquake happens, your characters are in a valley and suddenly the ground begins to liquify as the ground shakes, once the shaking stops, the ground becomes solid like nothing ever happened, except everything has suddenly sunk into the now hard ground. This is called liquefaction and it typically happens in areas that have loose dirt or lots of saturated soil.

Scenario three: There are a lot of small earthquakes, they do not cause a lot of damage, but you begin to notice that one of the isolated mountains has a plume rising. Earthquakes can indicate lava moving underground and the filling of magma chambers.

The next environment that can host lots of earthquakes would be regions that have a lot of really deep valleys and small mountain ranges (not cone volcanoes), but overall seems pretty flat.

This indicates a transform fault like the San Andreas. If you want to hint at there being earthquakes in the area, you can show fence posts that are suddenly several feet out of line at a dilapidated farm or something similar.

(These earthquakes are different because they are cased from sideways movement, not an up-and-down movement this hint can only be used for this environment). Volcanoes would not be found here, but liquefaction and landslides could still occur here.

4. Volcanoes: If you thought earthquakes had a lot of information, volcanoes do too. First you have to ask yourself, what kind of volcano you want to have, what kind of eruption style? So lets break down the kind of eruptions you can have and what their landscapes look like. Hawaiian Shield volcano: This will produce a smooth fast lava, the landscape typically is pretty flat, but there will be small cones and the rocks can have a ropey or jagged texture and the rocks will be almost exclusively black to dark red.

Stratovolcanoes: These will be solitary mountains, typically, that look like perfect cones (Picture shown in earthquake section). These will have large ash cloud eruptions and pyroclastic flows, they may have some lava, but typically most damage is done from the pyroclastic flows (think Pompeii). Some hints of these, other than describing the cone features (which can be hidden by other mountains), would be to talk about petrified wood! Trees can get fossilized in the ash and I imagine it would be very strange to find this rock that clearly looks to be a piece of wood, but its a rock. Subcategory- Calderas: Used to be a large stratovolcano, but they erupt so explosively that the entire cone collapses and creates a basin.

There are a lot of kinds of volcanoes out there, so forgive me for just putting an infographic and then talking to you about these really rare types of eruptions that I feel like people should know about.

Okay lets talk about blue lava (kind of) and black lava

You will notice the lava is still red in the middle of this image, during the day these would look like a normal eruption, but at night the burning sulfur would make it appear blue. Some cool features other than this, would be that any water in the area would become very acidic and burn the skin due to sulfuric acid. This would again be really cool if you are trying to describe a 'cursed' land.

Black lava: This happens only in the east African rift I believe, but it is a carbonatite lava, but if you are writing in a rift valley (where the continent is tearing apart to form a new ocean) this might be a cool feature. The lava will cool white and will quickly erode, it makes for a very alien landscape!

Anyway as always, this is supposed to be an introductive guide for the basics of writing geology to create cool landscapes/features into dnd or fictional universes, if you are a geologist please understand my oversimplification of tectonics, I didn't want people to run away.

Daily affirmations for Paleontologists and people of similar professions: You CAN create a video tapping rocks/artifacts whispering "paleontology/(your field of study here)" I believe in you

YOURE WELCOME!! THANKS FOR READING ABOUT THE ROCKS I THINK THEYRE REALLY GREAT

i wish i had a geologist friend who could sit me down and tell me everything about these rocks and what kind of rock it is and how they were formed and everything about them:(

theyre just normal rocks but i want to KNOW about them.

Hullo-geology student.

These looks like fluvial, or river, cobbles. They get the rounded shape from moving down-stream, the rounder the rock the longer they stayed in the river.

The top one on the right, sort of white-ish, looks like a chert pebble. This is made of the same stuff as quartz, and is super resistant to weathering, so they last a long time, especially in river systems.

Both of the middle ones look sort of like granite or perhaps a breccia. Breccia is a form of sedimentary rocks where smaller rocks get cemented together and make a bigger rock. The angular shapes of the rocks looks like feldspars, indicatinf a granite that got weathered. I think that the bottom left one is also a granite.

The top left one and bottom left one I dont really know. They both kinda look like granites, but it is difficult to tell. The bottom left one looks like it cooled with magma mixing, so there are larger grains with smaller ones, a texture called porphyritic.

I should note, this is based almost entirely on grain size, coloration, and pattern. I am also guessing because I don't know the geologic history of the area. Soooo i might be wrong but this seems like the most likely based on the images.

Thanks for showing me rocks i think theyre really nice

i wish i had a geologist friend who could sit me down and tell me everything about these rocks and what kind of rock it is and how they were formed and everything about them:(

theyre just normal rocks but i want to KNOW about them.

Yeah, I think they're gneiss.

I like rocks, anyone else like em' too?

Utah Layering

NASA Data Sonification: Black Hole Remix

In this sonification of Perseus. the sound waves astronomers previously identified were extracted and made audible for the first time. The sound waves were extracted outward from the center. (source)